The County Assembly is a crucial legislative arm of Kenya’s devolved government system. Established under the 2010 Constitution, it plays a vital role in law-making, oversight, and ensuring public participation in county governance. This article explores the key functions of the County Assembly in Kenya, detailing how Members of County Assembly (MCAs) influence policies, development, and service delivery at the grassroots level.
1. Legislation – Making County Laws
The primary role of the County Assembly is to enact laws (by-laws) that govern the county. These laws address local issues such as:
- Public health regulations
- Trade and business licensing
- Land use and urban planning
- Environmental conservation
The Assembly ensures laws align with the Constitution of Kenya and national legislation. It can also amend or repeal outdated laws.
2. Oversight – Monitoring the County Executive
The County Assembly checks the County Executive (Governor and Cabinet) to prevent misuse of power. Key oversight functions include:
- Summoning the Governor or County officials to answer questions
- Investigating corruption, mismanagement, or inefficiency
- Approving or rejecting appointments of key county officers
This ensures accountability and transparency in county governance.
3. Representation – Voicing Public Concerns
MCAs are elected to represent the people’s interests. Their duties include:
- Gathering public opinions on key issues
- Presenting constituent concerns in Assembly debates
- Ensuring fair resource distribution
This function strengthens democracy and inclusivity in decision-making.
4. Budget Approval – Managing County Finances
The County Assembly approves the county budget, ensuring:
- Funds are allocated to key sectors (health, education, infrastructure)
- Public money is used effectively
- Unnecessary expenditures are rejected
The Assembly can also summon the County Treasury to explain financial decisions.
5. Appointment of Key County Officials
The Assembly approves or rejects appointments of critical officers, including:
- County Secretary
- Chief Officers
- County Attorney
This ensures only qualified and ethical leaders hold office.
6. Public Participation – Engaging Citizens
The Constitution mandates public involvement in governance. The County Assembly ensures this by:
- Holding public hearings on new laws and policies
- Consulting residents on development projects
- Encouraging citizen feedback through forums and petitions
This promotes transparency and trust in county leadership.
7. County Planning – Development Strategies
The Assembly collaborates with the County Executive to:
- Formulate County Integrated Development Plans (CIDP)
- Set priorities for infrastructure, healthcare, and education
- Monitor project implementation
This ensures sustainable growth at the grassroots level.
8. County Revenue – Taxation and Levies
The County Assembly approves revenue-raising measures, such as:
- Property rates
- Business permits
- Service fees
It ensures funds are collected and used responsibly for public benefit.
9. Conflict Resolution – Mediating Disputes
The Assembly helps resolve conflicts by:
- Mediating between communities
- Establishing dispute resolution committees
- Promoting peace and cohesion
This function fosters stability and unity within the county.
10. Collaboration with Other Governments
The County Assembly works with:
- National Government (Parliament, Senate)
- Other Counties (joint projects, resource sharing)
- International Partners (development programs)
This enhances coordination and resource mobilization.
Conclusion
The County Assembly in Kenya is a cornerstone of devolution, ensuring laws are made, resources are managed well, and public voices are heard. By performing its legislative, oversight, and representative functions, it drives development and accountability at the county level.
Understanding these roles helps citizens hold their MCAs accountable and actively participate in governance.
By carrying out these functions effectively, the County Assembly can contribute to the social and economic development of the county and improve the well-being of the people living in it.
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